Geomatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Geomatics - Essay Example (PLSO) Geomatics tradition in land surveying and mapping science has enabled today's modern era to understand the scientific methods used in the same way as the challenge of representing a round Earth on a flat surface which was the basic confront for map projection; therefore land survey and graphical presentation were standard skills of the geographer as map maker. The principles of good measurement and models have enabled us to understand more or less 'land surveying' as a profession or an industry. Land analysis in surveying, usually done in professional concern is never so much neglected as forcefully rejected by the people. The reason is the perception built by customer, they are not concerned by the analysis and measurement, the only concern, which they possess, is the cost and commercial value of the asset. There are good grounds for most of the realignments, as flaws in analysis are recognised and replaced by very different approaches. Yet the rejection is too all embracing and it is a clear case of 'throwing the baby out with the bathwater'. The best example can be seen by the confusion people possess to accept it in the form of profession. There was a time when physical geography and mapping sciences were largely untouched by these perturbations and the scientific method in its broadest sense continued to serve them well. The question for human geography is now the form in which the heritage of spatial analysis may coexist alongside more recent qualitative methodologies and how both can contribute to the continuing development of the discipline. Some of the inheritance has never really gone away. Qualitative methods compete with the quantitative and each has something of value to offer. Research practices from anthropology such as participatory and observational techniques have a part to play. Although the teaching of Geography still reflects the influence of spatial analysis, it is far less evident in the weight of ongoing research and probably that is to the disadvantage of the discipline. As Turner (2002) pointed out, much of human geography has lost touch with mainstream social science research where positive science remains a strong component. This is not to denigrate the quality of the raft of research in human geography, simply to say that the balance needs to be restored and some of the prejudices removed. (Herbert & Matthews, 2004, p. 28) Increasingly competitive and complex real estate market surveys require international investors to become more knowledgeable about the unique requirements of real estate assets. The demand for the objective counsel of property advisers with technical knowledge of functional areas and products appeared to rise incrementally with the expansion of commercial property investment. Land surveying advisory services covered diverse disciplines within the profession, which includes mostly the real estate: the sale and leasing of property, real estate finance, institutional investment, property and asset management, portfolio investment management, and project management and construction.

Wireless devices without Wi-Fi Essay Example for Free

Wireless devices without Wi-Fi Essay 3.1.1 What would happen if wireless devices were not governed by the Wi-Fi Alliance and each vendor had its own standards and protocols? What impact would this have on your personal life or business communications? Personal information and business will slow down due to each vendor having its own standards/protocols. It will also be more vulnerable to attacks and make accessing more difficult. 3.1.2 Give another example of a model that is used to visualize something that is difficult to observe or perceive. How does the model make it easier to understand? Another way of displaying information for easier understanding is to use a flow chart. A flow chart can be used as a step by step guide. 3.1.3 Based on what you already know about networks, what are the different layers you think would be necessary for communication to be mapped to a model? Consider direct connections between host devices and connections that require other routing equipment, such as a hub, switch, or router. 1. Data link 2. Physical 3. Application 4. Network 5. Transport 3.1.4 The granularity of the reference model will often determine the usefulness of the model. What will happen if a model is too general? What will happen if a model is too granular (focused on individual detail)? If the data is too detailed, it may overlap with other information. However if the data is too general, then there may be crucial information missing. 3.1 Review 1. Why would a three-layer model of communication that has the layers  physical, network, and application be insufficient to adequately describe network communication? The model would be insufficient because it would not have the ability to transport data to any other network. 2. What is the history of the OSI reference model? How did it come about and why was it created? Use your textbook and internet research to support your answer. OSI was created in the late 1970s. It was created to define a unifying standard of architecture for networking systems. OSI was meant to be the foundation for what would later be known as the internet but when comparing to TCP/IP protocols, OSI just wasn’t enough to support the rapid growth of the internet. Now, the OSI model is used to explain networking in general terms. OSI is still used today by software/hardware designers to clarify roles in a networking system. 3. What is the history of TCP/IP model? Why was it created? Use your textbook and internet research to support your answer. TCP/IP was developed in the early 1970s, originally as part of a research network the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) developed. However, due to the TCP/IP protocols limitations and flaws, ARPA developed a new network. In the mid-1970s, it was found that TCP was attempting to do too much. This is when they decided to split TCP and IP into two separate layers. In the 1980s, TCP/IP was used to run ARPAnet and also started to expand to other machines and networks, completely evolving ARPAnet. This is how the internet was born. 3.2.1 Using Figure 3-1, define each layer of the OSI model in your own words and state what each layer provides. Use your textbook or internet research to support your answer. Application – Quality of service is established, communication partners are identifies, user authentication and privacy is considered and established. Presentation – Changes data into a form that the application can accept. Session – Manages and terminates connections between applications. Transport – Transfers data between systems, maintains flow control and recovery. Network – Provides switches and routing technologies and creating logical paths. Data link – Data packet is encoded Physical – provides the hardware necessary for sending and receiving data, bit stream 3.2.2 Using Figure 3-2 as a basis, complete the diagram to show the intermediate  encapsulation provided by each layer. Use your textbook and internet research to support your answer. Transport – Segments Network – Packets Data link – Frame 3.2.3 Briefly explain the de-encapsulation steps in the communication of host B receiving a message and host A destined for an active application. Host A will use application for the OS while allowing the PC to still communicate to other devices. Transport will control the data sent and received. The network will place IP addresses to the packets allowing data to be added to the MAC addresses and physical link between host and lines. Exercise 3.2.4 Explain why routing devices do not need the upper layer of the OSI model to route traffic. What is the highest layer of the OSI model used by the router to decide where to forward traffic? The first three layers of the OSI is typically what a router needs to route traffic. The first three layer are physical, data link and network. The highest level the OSI decide where to forward traffic to is the transport layer which is located in the host layers. Lab 3.2 Review 1. How does the abstraction of the physical layer facilitate interoperability across networks using different types of physical wires? IP terminals might be located in different parts of the build making it complex. There are lines coming in and out of the build that might be different than that issued to a company. To try and replace one will be complex, confusing and time consuming if unsure. 2. The OSI model is not directly implemented in networking and often the distinction between the layers will blur in implementation. Why does it endure despite these issues? Use your textbook and internet research to justify your answer. Technicians still use the OSI model because it gives a step by step guide on  how the information is being transported and makes troubleshooting more precise. 3. Given the purpose of each, is it necessary to retain the top three layers of the OSI model as separate entities? Use your textbook and internet research to justify your answer. It is not necessary to keep the top three layers of the OSI model when TCP/IP combines the top three layers of OSI into one layer that ultimately does the same functions. Exercise 3.3.1 Using your textbook and internet research, create a mapping between the TCP/IP model and the OSI reference model. What are the distinct differences between them? One major difference between OSI and TCP/IP is the first three layers of OSI are combined into a single layer in TCP/IP known as the Application Layer. The other difference is the last two layers, Data link and Physical layer are combined into one layer known as Network Access or Link Layer. Exercise 3.3.2 Identify the layer in which each protocol resides according to the TCP/IP model. OSI # OSI Layer Name TCP/IP # TCP/IP Layer Name Encapsulation Units TCP/IP Protocols 7 Application 4 Application Data FTP, HTTP, POP3, IMAP, telnet, SMTP, DNS, TFTP 6 Presentation 5 Session 4 Transport 3 Transport Segments TCP, UDP 3 Network 2 Internet Packets IP 2 Data Link 1 Network Access Frames 1 Physical Bits Exercise 3.3.3 The most common protocols used from this suite are IP, TCP, and UDP. Briefly describe the purpose and function of each of these. Use your textbook and internet research to support your answer. UDP – User datagram protocol – this is a connectionless service the gives best-effort delivery but does not guarantee delivery. This is often used for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communications such as video conference applications. IP – Internet protocol – Primarily a communications protocol within the internet protocol suite that relays datagrams across network boundaries. Ultimately it establishes the Internet. Delivers packets from the source host to destination hosts based on IP address in the packet header. TCP – Transmission Control Protocol – Core protocol of IP. Known for its reliability and error checking delivery between programs running on computers connected by common networks. Sends data in the form of message units between comp uters using the internet. Lab 3.3 Review 1. UDP is a connectionless protocol, unlike TCP, so there is no feedback on whether a packet was received. When would this type of protocol be used and what is the benefit of using it? Use your textbook and internet research to draw your conclusions. UDP is ideal for when you are managing a large amount of information and you don’t want to use TCP because the operating system won’t be able to support that many sessions at one time. This does not happen frequently as TCP has become more reliable but it still is one example of why you’d rather use UDP. UDP can also get a quick response from another server more quickly. However UDP has been viewed as unreliable because there is no feedback and information can get lost. 2. HTTP is the common protocol used to retrieve web resources in a web browser. This runs over TCP/IP networks using TCP. What characteristics of TCP make its use in this situation desirable? Use your textbook and internet  research to draw your conclusion. The feedback feature in TCP is ideal because you are guaranteed that messages will be sent and received successfully. One common application that is a prime example of TCP and its success is through e-mail. Exercise 3.4.1 The data link layer introduces physical addressing in the form of Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. Each frame header is Ethernet, for example, will contain a source and destination MAC address. Why is this sufficient to route traffic locally without invoking the higher-level logical addressing? Use your textbook and internet research to guide your conclusion. MAC addresses are sufficient enough to route traffic to other networks because the frame header of MAC addresses contains all that is required without having to access higher level logical addresses. Exercise 3.4.2 Choose one of the captured packets. Click the + sign next to the Ethernet entry. This should give you the data link layer information for the frame, including the source and destination MAC addresses. Record the frame number and the source and destination MAC addresses identified by the data link layer heading. You can identify a MAC address by its format; for example, 00: 26: 62: 65: 81: 07 00:26:62:65:81:07 is a MAC address. These are commonly written in hexadecimal shorthand. Exercise 3.4.3 Open a web browser and navigate to a site that you use frequently (or visit www.pearson.com) while the packet capture is active. This will record the individual frames involved in resolving the website and delivering its content to your PC. When you view this traffic in the life packet capture, what protocols do you see invoked? You can find these under the Protocol heading for each frame. Exercise 3.4.4 and Exercise 3.4.5 cannot do because student doesn’t have access to data link layer connection (Omnipeek). Lab 3.4 Review 1. Wireshark give you the ability to save captured traffic. This can be a  great benefit to network administrators, but it can also pose a security risk. What kind of security risks does this present? Use your textbook and internet research to support your conclusion. There are a few risks associated with Wireshark. There is a possibility of a back-door hack, and the security configuration of Wireshark enables it to run in the background after exiting. While running in the background, one can access your routing information, IP addresses, passwords and usernames. 2. The frame encapsulates all other information from the higher layers of the network communication. What kind of information on the network layer encapsulation is available in Wireshark? Using Wireshark, you can track Wi-Fi access, IP addresses, network routings and encrypted packets.

Roles Of Individuals And Societies :: essays research papers

Roles of Individuals and Societies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The early twentieth century marked a period of rapid industrial and technological change in a society which began to redefine the roles of the individual and society. Max Weber and Sigmund Freud were two revolutionary thinkers of the time who recognized the importance of this relationship and tried to determine whether the power balance between society and the individual was tilted in one particular direction or the other. A world becoming an increasingly complex and restrictive forced these thinkers to ask themselves if society had indeed finally become a force too dynamic for the individual to manipulate; that if in fact it was society that had mastered the man. Although both thinkers provide radically different views of culture and society they are both essentially trying to answer the same question: does the individual control society or does society control the individual?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The relevance of such an argument might first be debated, for one might first respond to this question with some doubt; surely we have control of ourselves, do we all not have control of our own faculties at this very moment? At this moment you are reading or being subjected to a reading of this paper, therefore if this indeed is not fufilling some immediate obvious desire it is accomplishing some sort of other goal. Likely this goal is to achieve an education but again we might ask ourselves why? Surely we all want to further our scholarly qualities and develop our minds but more likely this again has an underlying goal: to succeed in society. Society has shown us that in most cases it requires a good deal of education in order to succeed. Therefore we might entertain the question, is our presence here a product of our own desires or that of society's? The point of this reasoning is only to point out something we may not immediately recognize: regardless of what our own free will may dictate, we cannot help but be influenced by the values and morals of modern-day society. And it is because of this influence, the rewards which it offers and the punishments which it threatens, that the individual has found himself actually being manipulated by this larger body. Psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud expresses this point in his greatest achievement, Civilization and Its Discontents. Pointing out this conflict between the individual and society Freud concludes, â€Å". . . the two processes of individual and of cultural development must stand in hostile opposition to each other and mutually dispute the ground.† (Freud, 106) And then after describing the affects of civilization as a â€Å"drastic mutilization† of his desires, Freud

The Causes of Altruism Essay -- Psychology

How do humans actually behave when faced with the decision to help others? The innate desire that compels humans to help is called altruism by psychologists. Through this feeling, humans transform from a selfish jerk to a more compassionate and caring person. Some psychologists believe that this feeling stems from nature itself. Despite the fact that some altruistic acts originate from the pressures of society, altruism predominantly comes from the survival of the fittest, the feeling of empathy, and the selfish desire to benefit your own kin. Before a case can be made for the causes of altruism, altruism itself must first be defined. Most leading psychologists agree that the definition of altruism is â€Å"a motivational state with the ultimate goal of increasing another’s welfare.† (Batson, 1981). The only way for a person to be truly altruistic is if their intent is to help the community before themselves. However, the only thing humans can see is the actions themselves, and so, selfish intent may seem the same as altruistic intent. Alas, the only way that altruism can be judged is if the intent is obvious. Through that, we must conclude that only certain intents can be defined as altruistic, and as intent stemming from nature benefits the group while other intent benefits yourself, only actions caused by nature are truly altruistic. Some psychologists believe that altruism stems from evolution, or the survival of the fittest. They point to examples where ants will willingly bury themselves to seal the anthill from foreign attacks, or the honeybee’s sting. That sting rips out the honeybee’s own internal organs, and has been described as â€Å"instruments of altruistic self-sacrifice. Although the individual dies, the bee’... ...ence for Altruism: Toward a Pluralism of Prosocial Motives.† Psychological Inquiry 2.2 (1991): 107-122. Web. 5.Feb. 2012. Dach-Gruschow, Karl Otto. Peace on Earth and Goodwill Toward Men: Altruism of Long Term Volunteers Diss. University of Illinois at Urbana-Chamaign, 2011. Print. Gintis, Herbert, Samuel Bowles, Robert Boyd, and Ermst Fehr. â€Å"Explaining Altruistic Behavior in Humans.† Evolution and Human Behavior 24 (2003): 153-172. Web. 5 Feb. 2012 Nunney, Len. â€Å"Group Selection, Altruism, and Structured-Deme Models.† The American Naturalist 126.2 (1985): 212-230. Web. 10 Feb. 2012. Rushton, J. Philippe. â€Å"Is Altruism Innate?† Psychological Inquiry 2.2 (1991): 141-143. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. Thomas, George and C. Daniel Batson. â€Å"Effect of Helping Under Normative Pressure on Self-Perceived Altruism.† Social Psychology Quarterly 44.2 (1981): 127-131. Web. 5 Feb. 2012

Management Product and Service Design Essay

Enchanted Kingdom is a theme park in the Philippines. It is located in Santa Rosa City, Laguna, operated by Enchanted Kingdom Inc. (formerly named Amtrust Leisure Corporation). Like any other amusement park, it got numerous attractions and rides that serve the best interest of people of any ages especially children. In the point of view of operations management, as a whole, Enchanted Kingdom is designed to cater ingeniously each guests fancy and offers a total enjoyment for everyone. With their catchy phrase, â€Å"Where the magic begins†¦Ã¢â‚¬  they should provide customers an overall satisfaction with all the products and services they offer and still come up with innovative ideas to keep people especially in the nearing cities to come and go with a fulfilled experience of magic, how far would they render to make people’s imagination as realistic as they can be? I. Product and Service Design Positive From entrance to exit, the place is very exquisite. Customers find themselves astonished with sight of infrastructures built; we all know that the scenic atmosphere endows what Enchanted Kingdom is all about. It is designed in such a way that would cater all ages. They put up rides and fun-filled activities such as arcade, band appearances, games, souvenirs, mascot parade, street dancers, evening fireworks and a lot more. As years passed by, they keep on adding new rides and attractions such as Xtreme Paintball, Kart racing, Triassic Laser Tag, 4D Discovery Theater, Exodus the Ride (All-terrain vehicle Adventure Trail), Lake Spa (foot, back massages), Space Shuttle Max, and SRRX (Haunted attraction). They also started seasonal attraction such as the Biki Waterworld during summer. Their ticket promo is also something people are watching out. They have a variety of ticket rates depending on age and season. They also have discounts for students and residents of Sta. Rosa, and every sem breaks they offer â€Å"barkada† discounts or packages to their target college students. Negative Bringing of food and drinks inside the park is strictly prohibited. Customers are then induced to buy monopolized and expensive food and drinks inside, otherwise they still need to go out the park. Tickets are not so affordable. Their souvenir products are too expensive. There is no place or specific spot, where people could rest when they got tired, only benches sparse at the park. II. Capacity Positive EK has really the capacity to conduct business like this. With 17 hectares of land area, they could really accommodate a large number of people and put all the park zones, shop and food outlets, kiddy rides, adventurous and extreme rides for adults and other attractions together. They have rides that give so much fun and excitement to customers. Their staff and crew are skilled, well trained and do excellent jobs. Their operations hours are enough to most customers to fully enjoy and explore the whole magical place. Negative Although they could cater to large number of people, there are really times especially during special occasions when the whole park is full of visitors or tourists. These create long lines in different rides creating disturbances to the enjoyment of their customers. III. Service Process Positive Buying of entrance tickets is easy. They could choose between limited tickets or ride-all-you-can tickets. Also, EK provides necessary precautions and made the theme park as accessible as it can be such as brochures so you might not get lost. There are staffs all over the theme park for immediate concerns, and accessible customer service office. Negative If there were too many people, it would take 30 minutes to 1 hour before you can take a ride because of long lines of people. The hardest and most tiring part is that you’re standing while you are waiting for your turn. Too much-crowded amusement park makes customers not to ultimately enjoy their trip and be dissatisfied. IV. Facility Layout Positive The age appropriateness and other requirements for efficiency of their facilities are viewed largely as one of the best features of Enchanted Kingdom. They have it all! From land, wind, water, digital and to sports! They offer a variety of fun. The layout was designed in such a way that it is sparse out probably because they want their customers not only to be condensed to one side of EK but also to go all around and see all the other landmarks they constructed. Their rides are distributed according to different themes such as Spaceport, Portabello, Brooklyn Place, Victoria Park, Boulderville, Midway Boardwalk, and Jungle Outpost. The Boulderville is where most rides for kids could be found. Negative Sparse layout could be tiring for some customers. Walking too many steps is tiring and a little bit exhausting to those older people. The adult rides like space shuttle and anchors away would take about five (5) minutes of average walking in between. V. Location Positive Going to Enchanted Kingdom comes handy with private vehicles especially those coming from Manila for it is located near the South Luzon Expressway Exit. It is also isolated from other landmarks such as factories that could ruin the stunning ambience of EK. Its location is also near from exclusive subdivisions that could give them rich customers. Negative The location of EK would most likely be very inconvenient for public commuters. Since it is far from the national road, it is hard for them to locate it. Also, the trip from the national road is prone to heavy traffic. Finally, people who opt to eat outside of EK due to its expensive food and drinks would cost them about 10-15 minutes and additional transportation costs because of its isolated location. VI. Quality Positive Well, every business tries to serve their function well. For some, it is affordable with all of its accommodations. Enchanted Kingdom is the biggest theme park we have here in the Philippines. This is probably the closest to having our very own Disneyland. They provide better quality of rides and scenery compare to others. They are a member of International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions which can assure us that Enchanted Kingdom follows extreme quality standards and measures similar to other amusement parks in the world. Negative The â€Å"newness† factor is somehow missing in Enchanted Kingdom nowadays. When you frequently visit EK, you would probably ask for new major rides. There are added attractions but they are lacking of building new major rides. The most exciting and challenging rides of EK would probably be still Anchors Away and Space Shuttle which is now Space Shuttle Max – not like Star City who has now the â€Å"Star Flyer†. Also there are rides which are not well maintained particularly their Grand Carousel. The issue of safety assurance also comes into the picture when the Space Shuttle, one of their major attractions, hung in mid-air twice. Recently was in the year 2007. VII. Recommendations for Improvement For improvements, we are not saying that this isn’t a good place to go to for a fun day, but Enchanted Kingdom will need more than a few rides to impress everyone. First off, there aren’t enough rides to accommodate a huge number of people, during peak seasons. You will always end up waiting in line under the blazing sun for an hour or so, only to come out a minute later disappointed that it wasn’t as thrilling as they had advertised. Then the food is too expensive, and you can’t bring your own food – not even a bottle of water. Now that would have been fine if the food inside Enchanted Kingdom’s food court tastes decent, but sometimes even the bottle of water isn’t cold. . There is a small cafe outside; but it doesn’t serve anything worth eating. The bathrooms though clean and well kept had a bad odor and stained tiles. Enchanted Kingdom needs a renovation too, and they need to do it fast before one of their rides collapse. And for 500 pesos entrance fee, they should at least make it a point to upgrade some of their rides and add more chairs and benches for the people. Maybe they could also plant more trees, as the heat can get to you especially during summer. Continuous improvement means total quality management. They should invest more on TQM for this will generate more revenues to their company. If they have TQM, people will not question anymore their entrance fees as to be so expensive. More people would be satisfied and be converted to long-term customers. Most importantly, this would provide safety assurance for all valued customers. Lastly, we support the continuation of their proposed plans of creating Enchanted Kingdom General Santos, Enchanted Kingdom Davao, Andromeda City (Iloilo), Mars World (Cebu), and Planet Enchanted (Batangas City). These proposed projects will make EK accessible not only to people living in Luzon area but also to other parts of the country as well. A project that will boost up economic growth by attracting more tourists and creating more jobs for those unemployed.

Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essays

Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essays Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essay Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essay Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. Tuckman s ( 1965 ) attack as a additive theoretical account was using to the group. The criterions and norms of behavior are set uping. Forming identified to work with group service users together. However non everyone does non desire to prosecute From ramping to norming phases, working with client P is recoded by making cardinal Sessionss hebdomadal Client P have to do the pick to conform with, she is awareness breach her contract. Asking unfastened and closed inquiries are the key to construct a good resonance with the service user. The PCS modal identifies the degrees of subjugation ; Personal Cultural Structural The PCS Model Personal Beliefs, attitudes and behavior How people regard or treat others Cultural Accepted values and codifications of behavior Consensus Structure Structural and establishments within society which act to perpetuate societal divisions, bias and favoritism Personal ( P ) degree Individual actions that I come into contact with, for illustration service user. Cultural ( C ) Degree This analysis is related to the shared values or commonalties . For illustration, shared beliefs about what is right and incorrect, good or bad, can organize a consensus. Structural ( S ) Degree This analysis demonstrates how subjugation is sewn into the cloth of society through establishments that support both cultural norms and personal beliefs. Some establishments such as subdivisions of the media, faith and the authorities can cement the beliefs. Case survey: homeless pregnant immature individual Phosphorus: Young individual 18 old ages old sharing at her friend s place. She is 3 hebdomad pregnant ; her fellow has left her and both reasoning all the clip. There is no support from place as her female parent is on benefits and populating off her. There is statement with her new fellow for support. Degree centigrades: being homeless within the community she is sharing her ideas and feelings with different groups. Second: Network of divisions, societal services, wellness, local authorization Practitioners will back up with acquisition tools that transform to dispute subjugation. Thompson, ( 2006 ) have identified the barriers in associating to ethical pattern to place organize group- based attacks to anti-discriminatory pattern to work together on issues of inequality, favoritism and subjugation ( Thompson, 2006 ) . Challenging pattern with immature people engages them into ways at utilizing wider policy aims ia individual centred base. Service users will openly discourse and debate issues within a safe environment amongst their equals and concentrate on constructing one s assurance and reassurance within a group, every bit good as keeping the scholar s concentration. These rules are about being worthy of attending regardless what they can make and who they are as follows Respects and advance immature people s rights to do their determination or picks, unless the public assistance of them as earnestly threatened. Promote the public assistance and safety while allowing them to larn through activities. Contributes towards the publicity of societal justnesss for immature people and encourages them to esteem differences, diverseness and disputing favoritism. Act with a profession unity ( Banks, 2001 ) When measuring immature people it is necessary to take into consideration that there are no right or incorrect replies. By utilizing unfastened inquiries, this allow service user to prosecute with the practician to spread out on their sentiments and experiences.. Decision Using the PCS theoretical account, I recognised the marks within groups to work together and back up each other on their strengths and failing. Thompson, ( 1994 ) identified the barriers in associating to ethical pattern to place organize group- based attacks to anti-discriminatory pattern is to work together on issues of inequality, favoritism and subjugation. Tuckman s theory in the workplace has helped to place leading within a group phase development. I identify the phases through tuckmans theory has helped to be non judegment Al with clients as their strengths and failing can be assesss to construct up their regard and assurance for them to rapport a good working relationship.

Definition and Examples of Progymnasmata in Rhetoric

Definition and Examples of Progymnasmata in Rhetoric The progymnasmata are  handbooks of preliminary rhetorical exercises that introduce students to basic rhetorical concepts and strategies. Also called the  gymnasma. In classical rhetorical training, the progymnasmata were structured so that the student moved from strict imitation to a more artistic melding of the often disparate concerns of speaker, subject, and audience (Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition, 1996). EtymologyFrom the Greek, before exercises The Exercises This list of 14 exercises is drawn from the progymnasmata handbook written by Aphthonius of Antioch, a fourth-century rhetorician. fablenarrativeanecdote (chreia)proverb (maxim)refutationconfirmationcommonplaceencomiuminvectivecomparison (syncrisis)characterization (impersonation or ethopoeia)description (ekphrasis)thesis (theme)defend/attack a law (deliberation) Observations The Enduring Value of the ProgymnasmataThe handbooks of progymnasmata may . . . interest modern teachers of composition, for they present a sequence of assignments in reading, writing, and speaking which gradually increase in difficulty and in maturity of thought from simple story-telling to argumentation, combined with study of literary models. As such, the exercises were certainly effective in providing students for centuries with verbal skills that many students in our time seem less often to develop. Because the exercises were so completely structured, furnishing the student with lists of things to say on many subjects, they are open to the criticism that they tended to indoctrinate students in traditional values and inhibit individual creativity. Only Theon, among writers on progymnasmata, suggests that students might be asked to write about their own experiences- something that did not again become a subject of elementary composition until the romantic period. Nevertheless, it would be unfair to characterize the traditional exercises as inhibiting all criticism of traditional values. Indeed, a major feature of the exercises was stress on learning refutation or rebuttal: how to take a traditional tale, narrative, or thesis and argue against it. If anything, the exercises may have tended to encourage the idea that there was an equal amount to be said on two sides of any issue, a skill practiced at a later stage of education in dialectical debate.(George A. Kennedy, Progymnasmata: Greek Textbooks of Prose Composition and Rhetoric. Brill, 2003) Sequenced ExercisesThe progymnasmata remained popular for so long because they are carefully sequenced: they begin with simple paraphrases . . . and end with sophisticated exercises in deliberative and forensic [also known as judicial] rhetoric. Each successive exercise uses a skill practiced in the preceding one, but each adds some new and more difficult composing task. Ancient teachers were fond of comparing the graded difficulty of the progymnasmata to the exercise used by Milo of Croton to gradually increase his strength: Milo lifted a calf each day. Each day the calf grew heavier, and each day his strength grew. He continued to lift the calf until it became a bull.(S. Crowley and D. Hawhee, Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students. Pearson, 2004)The Progymnasmata and the Rhetorical SituationThe progymnasmata progresses from concrete, narrative tasks to abstract, persuasive ones; from addressing the class and teacher to addressing a public audience such as the law court; from developing a single prescribed point of view to examining several and arguing for a self-determined thesis. The elements of a rhetorical situationaudience, speaker, and appropriate languageare included and vary from one exercise to another. Within exercises subordinate topics or topoi are called for, such as exemplification, definition, and comparison. Yet students have freedom to select their subjects, expand them, and assume a role or persona as they see fit.(John Hagaman, Modern Use of the Progymnasmata in Teaching Rhetorical Invention. Rhetoric Review, Fall 1986) Method and ContentThe progymnasmata . . . offered Roman teachers a systematic yet flexible tool for incremental development of student abilities. The young writer/speaker is led step-by-step into increasingly complex compositional tasks, his freedom of expression depending, almost paradoxically, on his ability to follow the form or pattern set by his master. At the same time he absorbs ideas of morality and virtuous public service from the subjects discussed, and from their recommended amplifications on themes of justice, expediency, and the like. By the time he reaches the exercise of Laws, he has long since learned to see both sides of a question. He has also amassed a store of examples, aphorisms, narratives, and historical incidents which he can use later outside the school.(James J. Murphy, Habit in Roman Writing Instruction. A Short History of Writing Instruction: From Ancient Greece to Modern America, ed. by James J. Murphy. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2001)Decline of the Progymnasmata[ W]hen, in the late seventeenth century, training in the three classical genera began to lose relevance and the systematic development of Latin themes through imitation and amplification began to lose favor, the progymnasmata fell into sharp decline. Nonetheless, the training afforded by the progymnasmata has left a strong impression on Western literature and oratory.(Sean Patrick ORourke, Progymnasmata. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication From Ancient Times to the Information Age, ed. by Theresa Enos. Taylor Francis, 1996) Pronunciation: pro gim NAHS ma ta

MUNRO Surname Meaning and Origin

MUNRO Surname Meaning and Origin The Munro surname is usually a Scottish variant of the surname Monroe, with  several possible origins: derived from the Gaelic name Rothach, meaning man from Ro, or someone who came from  the foot of the  River Roe  in County Derry.From bun ,meaning mouth of and roe, meaning a river. In Gaelic the b often becomes an m - hence the surname MUNRO.Possibly a derivation of  Maolruadh, from maol, meaning bald, and ruadh, meaning red or auburn. Surname Origin: Irish, Scottish Alternate Surname Spellings: MUNROE, MUNROW, MUNROSE, MONRO, MONROE Where in the World is the MUNRO Surname Found? Despite originating in Ireland, the Munro surname is most prevalent in England,  according to surname distribution data from Forebears, but ranks higher based on percentage of population in Scotland, where it ranks as the 61st most common surname in the country. Its also fairly common in New Zealand (133rd), Australia (257th), and Canada (437th). In 1881 Scotland, Munro was a very common surname, especially in both Ross and Cromarty and Sutherland, where it ranked 7th, followed by Moray (14th), Caithness (18th), Nairn (21st), and Inverness-shire (21st). WorldNames PublicProfiler  also has the Munro surname as being very popular in New Zealand, as well as throughout Northern Scotland, including the Highlands, Argyll and Bute, the Western Isles, the Orkney Islands, Moray, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Perth and Kinross, South Ayrshire and East Lothian.   Famous People with the Last Name MUNRO H. H. Munro -  British short story author who wrote under the pen name SakiAlexander Munro of Bearcrofts - 17th century Scottish military leaderCharles H. Munro -  Canadian physician and politicianDonald Munro of Foulis - Irish mercenary settler in Scotland;  founder of Clan MunroJames Munro  - 15th  Premier of Victoria, AustraliaWilliam Munro - British botanist Genealogy Resources for the Surname MUNRO Munro DNA ProjectThis DNA project of over 350 members originated with Munro researchers whose ancestors settled in North Carolina. The group wants to become a resource for all Munro researchers worldwide interested in combining DNA testing with genealogical research to identify common Munro ancestors. Clan MunroLearn about the origins of Clan Munro and their family seat at Foulis Castle, plus view a family tree of the chiefs of Clan Munro, and learn  how to join the Clan Munro association. Munro Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Munro  family crest or coat of arms for the Munro surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. FamilySearch - MUNRO  GenealogyExplore over 1.3 million historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Munro surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website, hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. MUNRO  Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Munro surname. DistantCousin.com - MUNRO Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Munro. MUNRO Genealogy ForumSearch the archives for posts about Munro ancestors, or post your own Munro query. The Munro  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the popular last name Munro from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Personal Statement, My Personal Experiences Essay

Personal Statement, My Personal Experiences - Essay Example His ambition for his children has often placed me in challenging positions. The most challenging of these was when, following the completion of my secondary education, he decided to transfer me to SMUK-1 BPK Penabur, the most difficult and best high school in Indonesia. I did not want to transfer and quite honestly, did not feel that I was capable of succeeding in such a competitive and tough educational environment where students where, to a large degree, expected to rely on themselves for success or failure. The environment, being so very different from what I was accustomed to, frightened me and for much of my first high school year, I was miserable. It was, within the limits of my experience, a period of tremendous intellectual and psychological hardship. Besides being extremely competitive and difficult, I had no friends at SMUK-1 BPK Penabur. There was, therefore, no one to guide me through this period and, at the same time, my father demanded nothing less than excellence. All I could do, therefore, was accept the situation and apply myself as I had never in my life done. While I recall this as a miserable year, the fact is that I succeeded and achieved the grades demanded of me. More importantly, I discovered that nothing is really ever too difficult. (2) As Indone

Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States Essay

Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States - Essay Example Only 81% are able to eat the kinds of foods they want but majority also have to travel a far distance to reach the grocery stores of supermarkets (Larson, Story and Nelson, 2009). Research indicates that 8% of African Americans lack access to food while only 41% of the whites have access to food (U.S Department of Agriculture, 2009). The problem as indicated above is caused by food deserts. The other cause for these statistics are the fact that the supermarkets and groceries are not stocked with the kind of food people want and hence they end up not purchasing anything or just enough to eliminate their hunger but not get satisfied. Lastly is the main reason which is the socio-economic status of people. People fail to access food not because it is unavailable but simply because they cannot afford it. The healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables are expensive and hence they rely on unhealthy risking diseases. Over 46% of low income neighbors have limited household access to healthy foods dues to their high prices (Larson, Story and Nelson, 2009). When there is food desert in any neighborhood, the only people who will be able to purchase the desired and affordable food are those with readily available transportation and money for the food which means those in middle and high level of socio-economic status. Transportation in the rural areas is hard to come by and hence they lack access to healthy food. Majority of the city dwellers also face similar problem as their neighborhoods are filled with convenience stores and fast food joints and very few, sparsely spaced supermarkets and grocery stores. This translates to people within that neighborhood eating unhealthy foods majority of the time. The lack of access to healthy foods due to lack of access to supermarkets and grocery stores as well as the disparity in healthy food as a result of affordability calls for a policy to improve these low statistics if the US citizens are to start being healthy people and

Anti-Realism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anti-Realism - Essay Example For instance, no one has ever seen black holes including the scientists, but phenomena predict that black holes exist. The major support for this realism impression is that scientific information must be considered as almost true, since science determines the truth of how things are. A realist is an individual who believes that the purpose of scientific phenomena’s is to describe the biosphere as it is. The realists argue that if it is sensible to agree to a certain philosophy, then it is equally sensible to trust in the reality of the theoretic objects brought about by such a philosophy, despite the fact that such theoretic objects cannot be directly seen. On the other hand, realism may be believed as a phenomenon about the purpose of science: scientific theories are designed to tell individuals the reality around the world. Therefore, it is an axiological philosophy concerning science that states the main goal of science is to find the truth regarding the essence of Realism. Anti-realism is defined in disagreement with realism; it is any position that is comprised of either the renunciation of an unprejudiced reality or the renunciation that verification-hypothetical assertions are false or true. The two reasoning’s of Verification-hypothetical assertions according to anti-realism are varied but very clear. To begin with, the first type refutes that other minds do exist, and the realist involved in this type is referred to as solipsist. The second type argues that whether or not there are other unobservable minds, no aspect of the situation is existent. The second anti-realist can be referred to as logical behaviourists. In short, an anti-realist is an individual who does not consider scientific phenomena’s to aim at the truth, rather he considers its purpose on experimental suitability. The major support of anti-realism is that scientific theories cannot be considered as the truth, since they are not visible and

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Discussion Questions - Essay Example The other ways of engaging stakeholders is by using evaluation recommendations and organization. Among the seven stakeholder analysis and identification techniques, the most valuable technique involves developing facilitation skills. According to Wholey, Hatry and Newcomer (2010), evaluators need the facilitation skills because they are helpful when it comes to building relationships and managing conflicts among other activities. Developing facilitation skills such as people skills, social skills and technical skills is the most effective way of deal with all work. To improve or develop these skills, evaluators have to keep practicing and look for opportunities and wait for feedback. Engaging with other experienced evaluators is also helpful. Evaluators who work on perfecting these skills are more advantaged than evaluators who do not have the formal feedback when involved. Stakeholders can use the power direction versus the interest grid to determine their influence on each other. Stakeholders understand how influence adds depth to power versus interest grid in different ways. One, the stakeholders are in a better position, to identify the actors that are the key to promoting a smooth evaluation process. In addition, stakeholders gain the power to know where there are existing channels of influence or where such channels need get created. Using the power direction versus the interest grid also clarifies where to get coalition support to promote a smooth evaluation process or formation of findings. The completed power versus interest grid is later used to complete the bases of power-direction of interest diagram. The diagram is used by each stakeholder to indicate the source of power that is available to them. The diagram is also effective in showing the stakeholders their interests which they seek to achieve. According to Wholey, Hatry and Newcomer (2010), power may come from a person’s access or control over different resources. In context to

Business Law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Business Law - Assignment Example As in our case, McDougal did not say even a single word and just waved his hand at Krunch, which showed his intention to pay later. Trust and expectation play a vital role in implied contracts. Implied contracts are made on the basis of reason, understanding, and tradition. Silence can be treated as an act of acceptance but in very rare cases. In case of trustworthy relationships, acceptance does not need to be communicated to the other person in order to be effective. For example in case of implied contracts, silence is used as a gesture for acceptance that is based on the factors of trust and confidence in the other party. However, in all other forms of contracts, there must be an agreement between the parties regarding consideration of silence as acceptance because without any such agreement, silence can never be considered as acceptance if the other party do not intend to accept any specific

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Discussion Questions - Essay Example The other ways of engaging stakeholders is by using evaluation recommendations and organization. Among the seven stakeholder analysis and identification techniques, the most valuable technique involves developing facilitation skills. According to Wholey, Hatry and Newcomer (2010), evaluators need the facilitation skills because they are helpful when it comes to building relationships and managing conflicts among other activities. Developing facilitation skills such as people skills, social skills and technical skills is the most effective way of deal with all work. To improve or develop these skills, evaluators have to keep practicing and look for opportunities and wait for feedback. Engaging with other experienced evaluators is also helpful. Evaluators who work on perfecting these skills are more advantaged than evaluators who do not have the formal feedback when involved. Stakeholders can use the power direction versus the interest grid to determine their influence on each other. Stakeholders understand how influence adds depth to power versus interest grid in different ways. One, the stakeholders are in a better position, to identify the actors that are the key to promoting a smooth evaluation process. In addition, stakeholders gain the power to know where there are existing channels of influence or where such channels need get created. Using the power direction versus the interest grid also clarifies where to get coalition support to promote a smooth evaluation process or formation of findings. The completed power versus interest grid is later used to complete the bases of power-direction of interest diagram. The diagram is used by each stakeholder to indicate the source of power that is available to them. The diagram is also effective in showing the stakeholders their interests which they seek to achieve. According to Wholey, Hatry and Newcomer (2010), power may come from a person’s access or control over different resources. In context to

Karges Coffee Inc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Karges Coffee Inc - Case Study Example Assuming no changes to the Home Brewer or Office Deluxe unit sales and unit selling prices, and variable costs will remain same for each model with total fixed costs remaining unchanged. The Office Basic sales units if doubled will result in increase in the overall sales volume, contribution margin and profit of the company. Here we see that by just doubling the sales volume units we see a jump in sales value and contribution margin by more than 150% and the profit has grown by more than 200%. These drastic changes in the sales figure and profit is just because of the extra volumes of the Office Basic model. This means that if we sell 60,000 units of Office Basic we are in a profitable position. The sales volume of Office Basic is the highest among the other models which indicates that increasing the production of Office Basic model will generate far more revenues than if we double the other two models. This analysis helps us in analyzing the revenues and profits on changing a single factor such as sales volume units. If an advertising campaign is implemented costing $150,000 to raise overall consumer awareness of the product offerings and to increase sales, the company will have to attain a profit level of $1,530,000 to maintain the same profit percentage. This means that minimum of $500,000 sales is required to compensate for the advertising cost at the same profit level. In the same year maybe we do not receive the benefits in terms of sales revenue and profits but in the long run it may generate benefits. The new advertising campaign instead of being designed to increase total sales volume will focus on getting customers who would purchase the Office Basic model to buy the Office Deluxe model instead with an assumption of no impact on the sales of Home Brewer model. As per the calculations 1,250 customers should purchase Office Deluxe model instead of Office Basic model to cover the advertising costs incurred. The last option for evaluation is if the compan y chooses to add a new product (Office Plus) to its line of brewers targeted at the office use market, it would have to sell a minimum of 3,933 units approximately to justify its addition to the product line next year. This level of sales stated above is just a break-even point for the product. This product will generate additional profits over and above the units mentioned above. I would like to recommend going with the new product Office Plus in an optimistic view that it would start generating sales revenue higher than the current levels and thereby increase the profitability of the company in the long run. This product would also add to the current varieties of product and is a mid-priced product between the Office Basic model and the Office Deluxe model. I would also recommend another alternative of implementing an advertising campaign for initiating the sales of Office Premium model which is comparatively lower than Office Basic model which can result in more profitability as because the Profit/Volume ratio is higher than the other two models. The Profit/Volume ratio of Office Premium model is 0.40. The contribution per unit is also highest among the three products that is $120 which signifies that the variable costs are comparatively low

Socio-Economic Consequences of Ecotourism Essay Example for Free

Socio-Economic Consequences of Ecotourism Essay Discuss the environmental and socio-economic consequences of ecotourism. What additional factors need to be considered in establishing ecotourism projects? Ecotourism aims to protect landscapes and wildlife, promoting also financial benefits to the local communities. According to Chaynee (2010), in Malaysia, ecotourism is the second largest source of Gross Domestic Product. It provides job opportunities and stimulates voyagers to show respect for the conservation of the environment. There are numerous positive and negative effects of ecotourism, and as a result, there is the need to apply additional actions to minimize the unbalanced outcomes. This essay will discuss the environmental consequences of ecotourism, such as, the conservation and deterioration of the surrounding areas. Secondly, it will analyse the socio-economic effects; finally the essay will suggest some factors for future ecotourism projects. The implementation of ecotourism has positive environmental consequences. Firstly, ecotourism allows the discovery of new places and the improvement on territory conservation. In her case study, Nikitina (2007) shows that in Russia, ecotourism has been showing off the natural areas, which during the Soviet Period were strictly protected. She also points out that the populations have more appreciation of the nature. What this means is that ecotourism may be seen as an environmental education program. Ecotourists are interested to respect rules and acquire knowledge about nature; consequentially, local communities may look at tourists as a correct model to imitate (Chaynee 2010; Waylen et al. 2009). Furthermore, according to Chaynee (2010), there is a positive impact on the attitude of local people towards conservation of their own culture. Being ecotourists interested to learn, local communities are incited to protect the cultural property value such as rituals, ceremonies, arts and crafts. However, besides protecting natural sites, ecotourism may also be the indirect reason of negative environmental consequences. This view is commonly shared; as Hueter in Jaffe (2009: 1) states, â€Å"There comes a time when you have so much interference through ecotourism that you affect the thing you’re trying to protect†. The reason for this could be that as ecotourism is becoming a phenomenon widely promoted, the large number of ecotourists attracted, may cause a higher rate of pollution and an increased deterioration of the environment. The island of Damas shows how over-crowing of tourists influences the natural behaviour of wildlife; penguins in contact with people may abandon their own natural habitats (Ellenberg in Jeff 2009). In addition, in Tortoguero, the significant amount of rubbish left by tourist harms the habitat of the animals (Meletis in Jeff 2009). Furthermore, according to York (2005), the establishment of tourist accommodations and the need of firewood have caused water contamination and deforestation. In conclusion, environment and wildlife are often victims of the ecotourism activities. Furthermore, ecotourism produces consequences in the socio-economic status of the local community, as the creation of new businesses increases job opportunities and improves the economy. For example, it involves host communities in the tourist industry, such as restaurants, accommodation, and local tours. In addition, in Zapovednik, a natural area in Russia, extra financial helps often occur by visitors for supporting the population (Nikitina 2007). On the other hand, it needs to be underlined that socio-economic consequences can also be negatives. A study to find out the effects of ecotourism on the Masai population claims that â€Å"The Masai have faced eviction from tribal lands, economic dislocation, assaults on traditional values, and environmental degradation† (York 2005: 2). For the local community, forests were the main source of income, allowing them to practice farming and other activities. However, since wildwood has become protected for the landscape conservation or destroyed for lodge constructions, the Masai are unable to use the natural resources for practicing their own businesses. In addition, in these places, industries duplicate traditional homemade products and sell these at a cheaper price; as a result the local economy is compromised (York 2005). Secondly, he believes that the prices of products and services have increased as an economic result of the turnout of a wide number of tourists. Indeed, in the Philippines, many people migrate due to the higher cost of living. Furthermore, a lack of water emerges due to the growing demand, both from the tourist facilities and local families (ibid). In conclusion, the drawbacks for the local people are various. Almost all of the above outcomes, both environmental and socio-economic, may be improved by applying corrective actions when considering future projects. Firstly, according to Libosada (2009) ecotourism should be managed like as a business and seen as a networked industry: tourist agents should work on tour promotions, the host communities provide accommodation, and the government should fix rules within the ecotourism business. In fact, a successful model for the development of ecotourism requires the participation of all of the subjects involved. In addition, by developing an accurate framework become possible resolving the conflict of interest between them, planning the use of resources and also auditing the results during the implementation of the project. Furthermore, in order to avoid some negative effects of mass tourism, Libosada (2009) suggests to identify the physical limits of the local area, in relation to carrying capacity of tourists, and use these limitations to plan future strategies; this is known as the LAC concept. Another example of how minimize the environmental deteriorations is the creation of buffer zones close to the core-protected areas. In these are promoted all the tourist activities in order to attract people and leave the protected sites intact (Nikitina 2007). Finally, in order to prevent the migration of local people, Jaffe (2009) points out that an agreement should ensure that they are employed in the village activities, so that money remains in the economy of the local area. This essay has discussed the wide impact of ecotourism on the environment, and how it may affects the socio-economic status of the communities. The several drawbacks may be minimized with the adoption of an accurate framework as guideline, the creation of buffer zones and the identification of physical limits of the ecotourism hosting areas. These actions may be fundamentals for the establishment of future ecotourism projects. Therefore, co-operation between government, local people and tourist industry is the key tool. If all the potential beneficiaries of the projects work together for the same targets, ecotourism will be more profitable and successful. List of References Chaynee, W. (2010). Benefits of Ecotourism for Local Communities. Available at: http://www.mier.org. [Accessed 22/05/10]. Jaffe, E. (2009). Science News.  © 2009 Science Service, Inc. 170(14). Libosada Jr. C.M. (2009). Ocean Coastal Management, 52, 390–394. Available at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ocecoaman. [Accessed 15 Nov 2012]. Nikitina, E (2007) Ecotourism: an Opportunity for Sustainable Development Available at http://www.russianconservation.org [Accessed 19/05/09]. Waylen, K.A., McGowan,P.J.K., Pawi Study Group and Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2009). Ecotourism positively affects awareness and attitudes but not conservation behaviours: a case study at Grande Riviere, Trinidad. Fauna Flora International Oryx. 43(3), 343–351 Available at: http://journals.cambridge.org [Accessed 28/05/10]. York, S. (2005) Eco-Tourism Can Be Both a Boon and a Curse for Indigenous Peoples. Available at: http://commongroundmag.com. [Accessed 16/05/06].

Twitter Strategic Analysis

Twitter Strategic Analysis Twitter Inc Introduction about Company: Twitter is one of the foremost social networking service which is engage in facilitating it’s millions of users to send and receive short messages of about 140 characters called ‘’tweets’’. Users which are registered are entitled to reading and posting of tweets, however users which are unregistered are only able to read the tweets. Users can have the twitter access either through the website interface, mobile app or SMS. The Head quarter of Twitter Inc. lies in San Francisco and holds about more than 25 registered offices worldwide. Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone, Noah Glass and Evan Williams are the key persons which perform the creation of Twitter in March 2006 and it’s launching by July 2006. Soon after the launch, global popularity and recognition was achieved by this newly introduced service at a high pace. In the year 2012, above 100 million users posted about 340 million tweets per day. About 1.6 billion queries per day have also been handled by this service. For the year 2013, Twitter was declared one of the most visited websites. Also was pronounced to be ‘’the SMS of the Internet’’. Up to the latest period of December 2014, more than 500 million users have been listed in the Twitter’s user directory, within which about 284 million are active. Introduction about Industry: 300 words About 10 years ago the Industry of Social media was introduce to the world, when chat messengers launch the service of communication and content sharing for the public covered on the internet with each other. The largest US-based social media industry is mainly dominated by Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn. Other i.e. Non-US based performers who have a giant user directory include China-based SINA Corp. (SINA) and TENCENT HOLDINGS ADR (TCEHY) and Russian based social networking site called Vkontakte. Almost all the social networking industry players are still very fresh; however, a few of stylized facts pertaining to these industry players appear to have surfaced in the few preceding years. Firstly, the Social networking companies seems to compete with each other to display the main contents in such a manner that will generate user interest at a high level, and consequently, result in increased user engagement. This is due to the fact that user engagement is ultimately the biggest effective source of revenue generation. Based on relevance and engagement, user is likely to stay active on Social network platforms. Maybe this could be the reason of why Friendster and Myspace were declared to be well-liked platforms a decade ago, which afterward had to hand over their popular industry standings to the giants of modern Social giants like Twitter and Facebook. Currently, the industry of social media is engaged in dealing in business combinations i.e. mergers and acquisitions. One the biggest acquisition in the present period is that of WhatsApp. This messaging app was acquired by Facebook for a price of $19 Billion in February 2014. The players of Social media industry internationally are also been engaged in the acquisition, right, left and center: Rakuten, a Japanese interned giant, acquired Viber in 2014 for $900 million. Alibaba acquired 18% shares in a china social network Weibo and about 205% share in Tango in 2014. Competitive assets and competitive advantage of the company: 650 words Competitive advantage is of very much critically significant for each and every business as it’s what differentiates a business from your competitors. Twitter launched their business with a distinguishing strategy that compared with social network rivals i.e. Facebook, Google plus and Myspace etc. The quality of flexibility was implemented through a distinguish communication method. Twitter is the leading active mode of social networking in which users can communicate with each other without knowing themselves (Tagtmeier 2009). Actually, Twitters allows the transmission of information to users to a lot of friends as well as strangers. Whereas on the other hand provides users friends, Twitter users can be friends with each other or be a follower simply. Additionally Twitter has started effective fee for users as well as advertisers by way of ‘’promoted tweets’’ in the year 2010. This implemented strategy was able to attract companies including virgin American, Starbucks, Bravo and Best Buy etc. to join in Twitter website (Mark & Parker 2011). In order to be in touch with what’s going on in associated customer’s world, Twitter can be considered as excellent way: What are customer promoting’s The support Causing Hosting events by customers Conferences the customers are attending Awards the customers are receiving Expansion and/or Hiring plans There exist mainly two keys to develop successful strategic partnerships firstly including giving ad secondly top of mind. Formulating a Twitter List of all the associated strategic partners can assist you in both these aspects. It will also enable you a simple way to be connected between face-to-face meetings and phone calls. One of the prevalent topics named â€Å"Inbound marketing†; we would all appreciate to have a number of customers hammering our door. A lot of businesses are unable to meet their targeted goals with an inbound=d approach only. This could be considered correct in the initial phase of forming an inbound system. Even if a business holds a mature inbound system of marketing in position, top sales people even now like to hunt. They have in mind their â€Å"Dream 10†³ or â€Å"Top 100†³ aspects which they follow pro-actively. A large number of industry experts, those who use to write books and speak at conferences, are actively available on twitter. They frequently share their current thinking’s, trends, research they are viewing etc. In real time, be ‘’in the know’’, by way of forming and monitoring a list of all of these experts. Moreover, as a unique feature of twitter- â€Å"real time sharing†, the leading advantage which set competitively Twitter distant from its major competitors concerned a large number of peoples to join. In real time manner, a user is able to share anything. Others have an option to follow this particular user if they like him and also have a number of choices to interrelate with the said user for example ‘’retweet’’ and ‘’reply’’ .On the other hand, Facebook, the other social networking giant, quickly formed a new feature similar to Twitter that display friends real-time activities, which caused a major threat to Twitter. Therefore, for the purpose of grabbing a large share of market, Twitter should ensure innovation and creation of new features which are challenging for other networking sites to copy. Analyzing the market: For the last several years, there has been observed significant growth in the market popular social networking platforms like twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn etc., Talking about the market share of these giants of social networking, the stats are shown below which reveal that popularity and share in market for each of the giant of social networking. SWOT Analysis: Strengths Easy set up Largepenetration or market reach Very useful for setting up an engagement strategy Active community members (willing to be the representatives of the institute) Build a converse and conversation with others Quick exchange of information Direct audience contact ( like face-to-face) Allows you connect and follow with people/groups that seem interesting to you Cost-effective in the ways most of the networks are free. Their demand is just your time Human factor: Company’s â€Å"brand† becomes more HUMAN Media exposure In terms of micro-messaging, Twitter is in a strong position in the market. Only real competitor here is Facebook Weaknesses Existence of a lot of â€Å"Why Bother† from majority people (i.e. Facebook users) Needs to have more horsepower. It is down often Difficult to instruct or persuade group members/ management teamon the principles of social media Tweets are Unequal distributed. 90% of the tweets usually come from thetop 10% of the users. Holds low retention rate of about 40% only Lack of resources or tools to follow and monitor the campaign results of social media There is limitation of API calls. Hits App growth What aboutinformation leakage, liability, security, and management? Generally Blocked at most of work sites: management considers it drop in productivity; hits bottom line Opportunity Creating/joining active presence on sites where there is no current existence of the company Excellent opportunity for organizations and individuals to join and exchange information News, events and Promotions that can be proposed by way of social media networks Partnerships with organizations, other groups, schools, Departments of government, etc. Recruitment of interested new students ,members and public support Proposes you to form short and long term relationships with prospects Improves the ‘brand’ and formulates the process of recruitment personal It can acquire dominance in search engines Branding opportunities, Immediate delivery and increased marketing opportunities Allow Tweets to become â€Å"crawled by Spiders† Threats Macro factors i.e. economy, will this influence your base of user? Competitor is following the same audience or same space with similar campaign Is the current campaign feasible, can it continue? What complications stand in the track of success and failure? We’ve all be informed of a few awkward stories about over-sharing online, and a few examples of high-profile might make people to rethink about their habits Got too much popularity/publicity in a very short time. May get burned out It is dangerously getting porn spammy/spammy No existence of solid revenue model (advertisements in future?) Paid twitter streams may hit the brand image The table above demonstrates the percentage of visits by giants of the Social Media Networking Industry. Future Trends: 300 words 1) Shifting from tweeting to searching As more sign ups, the ratio of signal-to-noise is drops. Progressively the only available way of finding information would be the Twitter search tool 2) Twitter wills danger Google There exist many pretenders to the Google search sovereignty But Twitter’s offering is much more: Near real-time results Follow search topic Tweets Human sorted Twitter ‘trending’ topics 3) Three types of users will surface Chats will continue to about what eat in lunch (‘bla bla bla’) Strainers will use Twitter to examine the words on the ‘street’ and news. Broadcasters will continue Tweets pumping out, perhaps losing followers beside the way. 4) Automated tools will be used to increase Most tweets are links to posts and interesting articles Automated tools can now perform this autonomously This will ultimately erode the percentage of real interaction with followers Some well-known users of Twitter are even using ‘Ghost’ Tweeters 5) Twitter to be news powerhouse Users reported from plane crashes, natural disasters and terror attacks This ‘citizen journalism’ has transform Twitter’s value as a source of news extremely 6) Twitter will fracture Twitter has many paths having the potential for future development This may result into split out present functionality into paths services For example: News , Search, Micro-blogging Recommendations: 200 words after a detailed analysis of the Twitter Inc. it can be recommended that more customer specific strategies should be implemented and more customer facilitating apps and contents should be made available to users in order to maintain and flourish the existing market share at an increasing pace. Moreover, controls and strong market watch should be made in order to have a competitive over the other giants of Social Marketing networks for purpose of ensuring survival and growth. Conclusion: 200 words After analyzing the company, its market share, competitive advantages, SWOT analysis and the future trend of Twitter it can be concluded that Twitter has the ability to grab the title of world’s largest social networking site provided the company maintains and booms its current standing the market. Appendixes: 5 years Financial Ratios Calculations Financial previsions for the next 3 years based on company’s objectives: Compute the g factor and do some simulations and make recommendations

Big Bang Theory :: physics science space

Cosmology in general predates the physics that we rely upon in the twenty-first century. Its history is intertwined with religion as an attempt to understand or explain the workings of the world. Science on the grandest scale has felt great impedence from religious dogma and pontificators, specificly, the relationship between Gallileo and the Catholic church. The entire history of cosmology is a subject too broad for a small project to contend with, so I want to explore the workings of just the Big Bang theory; its creation, evolution and adaptation to new data, and revision with inflationary theory. The Beginning: After Isaac Newton revolutionized mechanics, the term 'cosmology' (or 'cosmogeny' at the time) refered only to the solar system and the immediate environs. Newton did a lot to dispell the geo-centric myths surrounding celestial motion, with his theory of universal gravitation. If planets moved on celestial spheres, instead of moving because of gravity, gravity must not be universal. Before Einstein, before his revolutionary theory of general relativity of 1915, most astronomers believed that the universe consisted of only one galaxy, the Milky Way. Outside galaxies were certainly studied, but not understood as independant and very distant galaxies similar to our own. Einstein did not apply his new gravitational field equations to cosmological models until 1917. Predecessors such as Mach and Gallileo grappled with the concepts of inertia inspired Einstein. Newton had attempted to formulate a cosmological model using his theory of gravity, and reasoned in 1692 that the universe could be considered an infinite volume container with an infinite number of stars. Newton was unable to define a gravitational force acting upon a particular body with these boundary conditions however. Newton realized that a universe with matter and only gravity acting upon the matter would result in a universe which would eventually collapse. Obviously the universe has not collapsed, which puzzled Newton. Einstein was also puzzled by the appropriate boundary conditions to apply to an aparently infinite volume universe, that has not collapsed. In the model of 1917 he tried to describe a universe that exists in a steady state, that is, not collapsing and not expanding. The creation of the big bang model was an inadvertant by-product of his classic 'cylindrical universe,' because such a steady universe must have a mysterious cosmological constant holding it up, and keeping it from collapsing.

Computers And Strategic Games :: Technology Thinking Papers

Computers and Strategic Games We all know that computers can help a jumbo jet land safely in the worst of weather, aid astronauts in complex maneuvers in space, guide missiles accurately over vast stretches of land, and assist doctors and physicians in creating images of the interior of the human body. We are lucky and pleased that computers can perform these functions for us. But in doing them, computers show no intelligence, but merely carry out lengthy complex calculations while serving as our obedient helpers. Yet the question of whether computers can think, whether they are able to show any true intelligence has been a controversial one from the day humans first realized the full potential of computers. Exactly what intelligence is, how it comes about, and how we test for it have become issues central to computer science and, more specifically, to artificial intelligence. In searching for a domain in which to study these issues, many scientists have selected the field of strategic games. Strategic games requ ire what is generally understood to a high level of intelligence, and through these games, researchers hope to measure the full potential of computers as thinking machines (Levy & Newborn 1). From the beginning, some have argued that computers would never be good at strategic games until humans themselves understood how they themselves played and then modeled computers to play the same way. Most computer scientists felt that humans carried out highly selective searches, and programmers initially set out to have their programs do the same. It was believed that special-purpose computer languages in which gaming concepts could be easily expressed were necessary. There were some that argued that although human intuition could not be programmed, it was required for top-level play. Computers have improved gradually over the years from the point of barely making legal moves to the current state of being world-class players. On the surface, they do not seem to imitate the human thought process, but upon closer examination, one begins to sense that they do. How exactly do computers play strategic games? The best way of answering this question is to look at how computers play the g ame of chess, as this game in order to be mastered requires what we consider to be the highest level of intelligence. Among all the strategic games, the game of chess has been studied the most by AI researchers with the objective of making chess-playing machines that can defeat the best human players.

Case: Facebook Marketing Management Essay

1.Why do people use Facebook and what do they do when they are there ? Since the launch of Facebook , constant updates and needs or wants, triggered this social network, broadening its scope permanentely. To answer the question why people use facebook, I believe the question what is the profile of the users is also necessary to understand. According to a paper published in 2012 (Evans et al., â€Å"Facebook Segmentation,† 38), a Facebook ´s pipsycograhic segmentation was performed through a partnership between a consultancy company (Psychster Inc) and students in the University of Washington Master of Communication program in Digital Media (MCDM), six types of facebook ´s users were identified and distrbuted accordingly to the pie below. Fans join interest groups based on politics, art, and music, and they often link their Facebook account to other websites. Branders prefer public to private networking, and they often use Facebook as a tool for business, building a personal brand, or accumulating social capital. Social-Searchers employ Facebook to learn about news, media, and entertainment, but they show little interest in apps and games. Influencers share videos, links, and good deals with others, and they rarely use the private forms of messaging or sharing available on Facebook. Gamers are motivated by games, apps, and coupons; they interact with strangers as often as acquaintances, and though fewer in number they log the most time on Facebook. Neutrals are unmotivated by most of Facebook’s features including status updates, and they report being members only to keep connected to the events of family and friends. (Evans et al., â€Å"Facebook Segmentation,† 37) Although I believe this is generally a good segmentation, since it links both the reasons why people use facebook and what they do the question is more complex and deep. Facebook which initially started as na alternative to Harvard ´s printed student directory, stated several diferences to other existing social networks sites, like the acess restriction to users with na â€Å".edu† e-mail adress, thereby focusing on real-world relationships, with reasonable levels of privacy and creating points of difference to its competitors. In the facebook earlies, Mark Zuckerberg, about this said†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ people have information they don ´t wnat to share with everyone. If you give people very tight control ver that information they are sharing or who are they sharing with, they will actually share more.† In addition he gave the reason to believe: â€Å"One example[of this] is that one-third of our users share thetir cell phone numbers† In my opinion of view this is d efinitely, the trigger of Facebook ´s use . We can name sereval reasons why people use facebook, but ultimately users, regardless their profile want Visibility, â€Å"Brand yourself† as a resource, Create and Strengthen bonds and feel part a comunity, without disregarding a certain privacy level. Depending on the users profile , many this can be done while on the facebook Highlight a product, Find new projects and clientes, Hang with other influencers, Tell your company’s story, Find partners, Get answers faster, Create a resource depositary, Develop your company culture, Better hires, Marketing research, Play games, Post photograhps, Chat with friends, set up meetings for all friends with details attached in a a few second and so forth. The fact that nowadays companies can actually pull information from current and possible customers is a powerful and nwe tool.Without the emotional detached its success wouldn ´t be the same. My Space is na example of this phenomenon. Myspace has been formed with entertainment and music in mind and set in more for professiona uses. Facebook, on the other hand, With Facebook, the interface is based around information. The pages are clean and clear with information and technology. 2.Evaluate the success of advertising on facebook To evaluate the sucess of advertising on faceebook, I would like put into perspective the three elements that I consider that deliver value to the major stackholders involved, and ultimately profit, either financial or value perceived, depending on the side. To measure success on adverstising on facebook one of the measures is Reach, that measures the percentage of the target audience ( those to whom a particular canmpaign is directed). According to the Facebook page analytics provider EdgeRank Checker, the head of social measurement at WPP’s Team Detroit and a study conducted by us here at We Are Social in conjunction with Socialbakers. DATA SHOWS AN AVERAGE 40% DROP IN REACH Average post organic reach 10th Aug – 2nd Nov, based on 41,051 posts made by 274 sample pages in the period. In line with the study, â€Å" the average post’s organic reach has clearly dropped by over 40% since the end of August, and is showing no signs of levelling off. Of course, how any one individual page has been affected will vary, and it’s long been known that the more fans a page has, the less reach and engagement it will get as a proportion of its audience, but the drop in reach seems to have affected pages of all sizes fairly equally† ENGAGEMENT STAYS CONSTANT Average post engagement rate 10th Aug – 2nd Nov, based on 41,051 posts made by 274 sample pages in the period. For the average post reach to drop while the average engagement rate stays steady, this must mean that the posts that are getting seen by fans are now getting more engagement. The same study concludes It’s clear that â€Å" Facebook have changed their EdgeRank algorithm to reduce the amount of brands’ Facebook page posts seen in fans’ newsfeeds, but what does this mean? Well, while some may say this is a deliberate move by Facebook to force page owners to pay for reach using promoted posts, others could reasonably say this is a sensible adjustment to compensate for the growing number of pages that its users are fans of, and the increased number of posts coming from those pages.† Facebook ´s position to this question is : â€Å"We’re constantly improving the way stories are shown in newsfeed. With the growing number of pages on Facebook it is important that people see content that is most relevant to them. These findings show that engagement with newsfeed posts has actually increased. At the same time, the number of posts being dismissed as uninteresting or spam has fallen. That’s a great result for page owners and an improved experience for all of us who use Facebook† According to the case study that is the base of this analyis, all the innvovations done in facebook in the last years, provided by Faceebook Ads ( e.g promoted posts in which brand page owners could push their contente to a broader audience), targent audience of the companies adverstising was broader. After, log out screen banner ´s available, mobile adverstising with sponsored stories ( taking advantage of the fact that half of the users access facebook by mobile). In 2007 the facebook platform was launched and since then thousands of apps were released. On of the most famous is farrmville ( Zynga Company), a gama involving farm management such as plowing land, planting, growing and harvesting crops, harvesting trees and bushes, and raising livestock, that enables people to play na online game with other facebook friends. The value is well reflected by one testemony of oneof its users: â€Å" Those five minutes that I used to spend on something of little value, I ´m now spending interacting with friends, which has real value to me†. There are more examples than can illustrate de power of this tool. One that was clearly seen, was the huge increase user ´s engagement in 2008, when companies started integrating websites funcionalities. These companies, a 30%- 200% increase in registration on their sites and 15%-100% increase in user engagement. To Facebook corporation, profits have been remarkable and after they introduce the cost per click metric for instance, the profits even increase more. In conclusion, the success of advertising on facebook is outstanding. From the consumers point of view, nowadays they trust their peers more than marketeers. Companies, used to spend lost of Money on traditional media, and now may have a large scale effect , refelcted on sales, brand awareness and profits. With this scenario, Facebook in prone to continue its path. It ´s also true that the huge impact that it enables, can play for or against the company/brand, but this volatility worths the effort as long as companies can balance and manage this process propperly.

Elisa Allen: A Mystified Identity Essay

John Steinbeck’s short story â€Å"The Chrysanthemums† is centered on the protagonist named Elisa Allen. The vivid portrayal of her character in different parts of the story makes the reader wonder who she really is. Steinbeck started by portraying her as a strong and knowledgeable gardener, with a sense of masculinity, following which she is portrayed as someone who yearns for sexual attention in her sensual encounter with the tinker, and concluded with her being described as a beautiful, feminine lady, and then back to her masculine self all within a span of a few hours. The evolution in the expressions, emotions, and the portrayal of Elisa Allen is an important element of Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chyrsanthemums. † Firstly, Elisa Allen is described and presented in a very masculine manner. The words â€Å"strong†, â€Å"a man’s black hat† and â€Å"heavy leather gloves† showcase the masculinity. Additionally, her features described as, â€Å"her face was eager and mature and handsome†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦over-powerful. † lend substance to her masculinity. Interestingly, this description of Elisa is in stark contrast to the societal perception of females in that era who are meant to be more feminine. The fact that she is she is thirty five years old and has no children also de-emphasizes her femininity. However, this presentation of masculinity augurs well with her acuity for business which is demonstrated in her interest in knowing more about the conversation of her husband, Henry Allen with the men in business suits. Also, her negotiation skills with the tinker showcase the business acuity of Elisa that has gone unnoticed by Henry. The societal norms have dictated that she carry out her role as a gardener with penchant. As a result, Elisa devotes all of her energy to maintaining her house and garden. Although she rightly brags about her green thumb, Elisa’s connection to nature seems rather coerced and not something that comes as naturally as she claims. She knows a great deal about plants, most likely because as a woman, gardening is the only thing she has to think about. This constant tussle between her femininity and her masculinity lend an interesting insight into Elisa’s character. Next, Elisa is been demonstrated as a woman who lives an unsatisfying, under stimulated and frustrated life who looks to the tinker for a stimulating conversation and even sex. Her physical attraction to the tinker and her flirtatious, witty conversation with him bring out the poet in Elisa. The phrases, â€Å"she shakes out her dark pretty hair and with her eyes shining, she admits the stranger into her yard. She strips off her protective gloves†, â€Å"she looks deep into his eyes, searchingly† and â€Å"She was kneeling on the ground looking up at him. Her breast swelled passionately. † describe the sensual encounter of Elisa with the tinker. During this encounter, there is also evidence of how unsatisfied Elisa is with her life when she says the following, â€Å"I’ve never lived as you do, but I know what you mean. When the night is dark—why, the stars are sharp-pointed, and there’s quiet. Why, you rise up and up! Every pointed star gets driven into your body. It’s like that. Hot and sharp and—lovely. † This statement also showcases the poet in Elisa. Besides the poetic conversation, it symbolizes the level of incompleteness in her life. It seemed that she got carried away in the heat of the moment, and realized at a later point and felt ashamed of what she did and had been saying. After the sensual encounter with the tinker, the femininity is showcased of Elisa is showcased at its fullest by the narrator. Firstly, when she tries to dress up and present herself as a beautiful lady. This is seen in the following narration of the scenario, â€Å"After a while she began to dress, slowly. She put on her newest underclothing and her nicest stockings and the dress which was the symbol of her prettiness. She worked carefully on her hair, penciled her eyebrows and rouged her lips. † Following the dressing up, and showing up in front of Henry, the conversation that the couple have is nothing less than hilarious. Evidently, Henry is not used to seeing Elisa dress up and presents her in the feminine manner that she did. The banter that takes place between Henry and Elisa, especially when describing her as â€Å"strong and happy† and â€Å"You look strong enough to break a calf over your knee, happy enough to eat it like a watermelon† was amusing. This conversation clearly showed that Henry did not know how to react to Elisa’s femininity, supporting the fact that Elisa could have been unsatisfied with her current relationship with Henry, and hence seeking an escape in her encounter with the tinker who seemed to be more receptive and appreciative to her. However, the conversation that took place while in the caravan negated the short burst of feminism in Elisa and was overpowered with a sense of masculinity by the topics of their conversation which included: â€Å"wine over dinner,† and â€Å"women going to fights. † This could be because of the realization that nothing has changed. She is still the same lady who was gardening a few hours ago. The tinker, despite showing interest and stimulating her, was only concerned in his profit, and was manipulative to say the least. Interestingly, in the final sentence of the story, the narrator describes Elisa as a â€Å"weak, old woman. † In conclusion, the narration has been so vivid that the reader could see the emotions and the constant tussle that Elisa faces as a woman and a wife. Her life as a woman has been confined to her duties as a gardener, with no affection and love been shown by her husband Henry. This incompleteness in her life leads her to seek solace in her encounter with the tinker where she sees a ray of hope to experience her feminine self. However, this feel-good experience is short-lived when she says her chrysanthemums that she gifted to the tinker lying on the road. This shattered her dreams of being a free woman, and brings her back to reality. The reality of course is that she is confined to her reserved, unfulfilling, monotonous life as a wife with no children. The pace at which she experienced the highs and lows of her life, in a span of a few hours is note-worthy and adds to the literary value of Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Chrysanthemums. †

The Observed Experience of Cultural Difference Essay

The Observed Experience of Cultural Difference - Essay Example They continuously imitated my gestures in my practices of agreements and bowing while I spoke to them. Because I was a Chinese, they never asked me about my views regarding the topic we were discussing and I realized it was in relation to the issues of power distance. When I asked them for an assistant during the discussions, they would tell me that it was easy to understand but no assistant. This is very different as compared to our Chinese culture whereby we are taught to assist anyone in need of our assistance (Tocqueville, 2009). The teaching style was very different from how we are taught back in China, as we are taught to follow instructions. Nevertheless, the American way, we were taught to be creative. However, I came to understand that it was not the Chinese culture that rooted in me, but my unwillingness to look outside my limitations and adapt to the American way. Regardless of the differences between the two cultures being challenging and overwhelming to overcome, it boosted my adaptive capability to change. Now I am able to observe from the vantage point; two unique, discrete cultures and embrace them. After all, we are different, yet very much the same.